閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)優(you)點(dian)主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)在(zai):
①對(dui)環(huan)境(jing)和(hu)設(she)備(bei)幾(ji)乎(hu)無(wu)腐(fu)蝕(shi);
②不(bu)需(xu)補(bu)加(jia)純(chun)水(shui),維(wei)護(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)量(liang)少(shao);
③可(ke)以(yi)不(bu)單(shan)設(she)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)室(shi),電(dian)池(chi)可(ke)多(duo)層(ceng)放(fang)置(zhi),占(zhan)地(de)麵(mian)積(ji)少(shao);
④電(dian)池(chi)的(di)比(bi)能(neng)量(liang)高(gao);
⑤自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)小(xiao)等(deng)。
這(zhe)些(xie)優(you)點(dian)正(zheng)好(hao)能(neng)滿(man)足(ju)通(tong)信(xin)設(she)備(bei)對(dui)分(fen)散(san)式(shi)供(gong)電(dian)的(di)要(yao)求(qiu),也(ye)是(shi)閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)得(dei)到(dao)廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)的(di)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因(yin)。但(dan)是(shi),閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)缺(que)點(dian)與(yu)它(ta)的(di)優(you)點(dian)一(yi)樣(yang)十(shi)分(fen)突(tu)出(chu)，如(ru):
①不(bu)能(neng)觀(guan)察(cha)到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部(bu)的(di)情(qing)況(kuang);
②不(bu)能(neng)補(bu)加(jia)純(chun)水(shui);
③散(san)熱(re)性(xing)能(neng)差(chai);
④失(shi)效(xiao)模(mu)式(shi)多(duo);
⑤使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)短(duan)等(deng)。
這(zhe)些(xie)缺(que)點(dian)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)由(you)閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)結(jie)構(gou)特(te)點(dian)決(jue)定(ding)的(di),使(shi)得(dei)它(ta)對(dui)溫(wen)度(duo)特(te)別(bie)敏(min)感(gan),所(suo)以(yi)對(dui)它(ta)的(di)維(wei)護(hu)要(yao)求(qiu)更(geng)高(gao),即(ji)要(yao)求(qiu)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)的(di)管(guan)理(li)和(hu)維(wei)護(hu)。
為(wei)了(liao)保(bao)持(chi)閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)性(xing)能(neng)和(hu)延(yan)長(zhang)其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)，須(xu)做(zuo)好(hao)以(yi)下(xia)幾(ji)個(ge)方(fang)麵(mian)的(di)日(ri)常(chang)維(wei)護(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)。
(1)保(bao)持(chi)清(qing)潔(jie)衛(wei)生(sheng)每(mei)周(zhou)定(ding)期(qi)擦(ca)拭(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)和(hu)機(ji)架(jia).上(shang)的(di)灰(hui)塵(chen)，保(bao)持(chi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)清(qing)潔(jie)。灰(hui)塵(chen)積(ji)累(lei)太(tai)多(duo),會(kuai)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)連(lian)接(jie)點(dian)接(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang),改(gai)變(bian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi),容(rong)易(yi)弓(gong)|起(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)。擦(ca)拭(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)時(shi)切(qie)記(ji)要(yao)用(yong)幹(gan)布(bu)或(huo)毛(mao)刷(shua),使(shi)用(yong)吸(xi)塵(chen)器(qi)。
(2)每(mei)天(tian)巡(xun)視(shi)一(yi)次(ci)每(mei)天(tian)要(yao)定(ding)時(shi)查(cha)看(kan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),一(yi)要(yao)聞(wen)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)是(shi)否(pi)有(you)微(wei)酸(suan)氣(qi)味(wei),如(ru)果(guo)有(you)微(wei)酸(suan)氣(qi)味(wei),則(ze)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)設(she)置(zhi)過(guo)高(gao),導(dao)致(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)排(pai)出(chu)酸(suan)霧(wu),此(ci)時(shi)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)調(diao)整(zheng)電(dian)壓(ya)和(hu)進(jin)行(hang)通(tong)風(feng)處(chu)理(li);
二(er)要(yao)看(kan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)外(wai)形(xing)有(you)無(wu)變(bian)形(xing)、溫(wen)度(duo)是(shi)否(pi)正(zheng)常(chang)、蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)端(duan)子(zi)和(hu)安(an)全(quan)閥(fa)有(you)無(wu)滲(shen)液(ye)、安(an)全(quan)閥(fa)能(neng)否(pi)正(zheng)常(chang)開(kai)啟(qi)等(deng),如(ru)果(guo)有(you)異(yi)常(chang)則(ze)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)更(geng)換(huan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。如(ru)果(guo)有(you)空(kong)調(diao)設(she)備(bei)，應(ying)檢(jian)查(cha)空(kong)調(diao)的(di)溫(wen)度(duo)控(kong)製(zhi)情(qing)況(kuang)，***溫(wen)度(duo)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)25°C左(zuo)右(you)為(wei)宜(yi);如(ru)果(guo)沒(mo)有(you)空(kong)調(diao)設(she)備(bei),則(ze)應(ying)根(gen)據(ju)室(shi)內(nei)溫(wen)度(duo)及(ji)時(shi)調(diao)整(zheng)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)。
( 3 )每(mei)周(zhou)測(ce)試(shi)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)25°C時(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)應(ying)設(she)置(zhi)為(wei)( 2.25+0.02 ) V/隻(zhi)。如(ru)果(guo)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)選(xuan)擇(ze)過(guo)低(di),則(ze)個(ge)別(bie)電(dian)池(chi)會(kuai)由(you)於(yu)長(zhang)期(qi)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)造(zao)成(cheng)硫(liu)化(hua)而(er)失(shi)效(xiao);如(ru)果(guo)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)選(xuan)擇(ze)過(guo)高(gao),則(ze)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)氧(yang)複(fu)合(ge)效(xiao)率(shuai)低(di)，氣(qi)體(ti)逸(yi)出(chu)量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia)，電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)易(yi)失(shi)水(shui)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)均(jun)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)應(ying)設(she)置(zhi)為(wei)2.35V/隻(zhi),不(bu)應(ying)超(chao)過(guo)2.40V/隻(zhi)。充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)高(gao)將(qiang)引(yin)起(qi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)過(guo)大(dai),產(chan)生(sheng)的(di)熱(re)量(liang)會(kuai)使(shi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)溫(wen)度(duo)升(sheng)高(gao),溫(wen)度(duo)升(sheng)高(gao)又(you)會(kuai)導(dao)致(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)增(zeng)大(dai),如(ru)此(ci)循(xun)環(huan)會(kuai)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)發(fa)生(sheng)熱(re)失(shi)控(kong)而(er)變(bian)形(xing)、開(kai)裂(lie)。
( 4)每(mei)月(yue)測(ce)量(liang)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)串(chuan)聯(lian)使(shi)用(yong)易(yi)出(chu)現(xian)電(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)均(jun)衡(heng)現(xian)象(xiang),電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)者(zhe)易(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)落(la)後(hou)電(dian)池(chi)。如(ru)果(guo)落(la)後(hou)電(dian)池(chi)得(dei)不(bu)到(dao)及(ji)時(shi)充(chong)電(dian),則(ze)在(zai)以(yi)後(hou)的(di)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)或(huo)者(zhe)浮(fu)充(chong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),其(qi)落(la)後(hou)程(cheng)度(duo)會(kuai)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)深(shen),終(zhong)導(dao)致(zhi)落(la)後(hou)電(dian)池(chi)失(shi)效(xiao)。所(suo)以(yi)每(mei)月(yue)應(ying)測(ce)量(liang)每(mei)個(ge)單(shan)體(ti)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi),對(dui)低(di)於(yu)2.20V的(di)電(dian)池(chi)要(yao)進(jin)行(hang)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian),使(shi)其(qi)恢(hui)複(fu)到(dao)完(wan)全(quan)充(chong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai),以(yi)免(wen)個(ge)別(bie)落(la)後(hou)電(dian)池(chi)失(shi)效(xiao)。
( 5 )定(ding)期(qi)進(jin)行(hang)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)季(ji)度(duo)對(dui)全(quan)組(zu)電(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行(hang)一(yi)次(ci)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian),充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法(fa)如(ru)前(qian)所(suo)述(shu)。
( 6 )每(mei)半(ban)年(nian)測(ce)量(liang)內(nei)阻(zu)和(hu)開(kai)路(lu)電(dian)壓(ya) 電(dian)池(chi)的(di)內(nei)阻(zu)在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)剩(sheng)餘(yu)容(rong)量(liang)大(dai)於(yu)50%時(shi),幾(ji)乎(hu)沒(mo)有(you)什(shi)麽(ma)變(bian)化(hua),但(dan)在(zai)剩(sheng)餘(yu)容(rong)量(liang)小(xiao)於(yu)50%後(hou),其(qi)內(nei)阻(zu)呈(cheng)線(xian)性(xing)上(shang)升(sheng)。當(dang)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)內(nei)阻(zu)出(chu)現(xian)明(ming)顯(xian)上(shang)升(sheng)時(shi),即(ji)表(biao)明(ming)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)容(rong)量(liang)已(yi)顯(xian)著(zhuo)下(xia)降(xiang)。所(suo)以(yi),可(ke)通(tong)過(guo)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)內(nei)阻(zu)發(fa)現(xian)落(la)後(hou)或(huo)失(shi)效(xiao)電(dian)池(chi)。
在(zai)有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)(不(bu)會(kuai)對(dui)通(tong)信(xin)造(zao)成(cheng)中(zhong)斷(duan))的(di)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),可(ke)讓(rang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)脫(tuo)離(li)充(chong)電(dian)設(she)備(bei),靜(jing)置(zhi)2h後(hou)測(ce)量(liang)其(qi)內(nei)阻(zu)和(hu)開(kai)路(lu)電(dian)壓(ya)。內(nei)阻(zu)大(dai)和(hu)開(kai)路(lu)電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)對(dui)其(qi)進(jin)行(hang)容(rong)量(liang)恢(hui)複(fu)處(chu)理(li),若(ruo)不(bu)能(neng)恢(hui)複(fu)(容(rong)量(liang)達(da)不(bu)到(dao)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)80%以(yi)上(shang)) , 則(ze)應(ying)對(dui)其(qi)進(jin)行(hang)更(geng)換(huan)。
( 7 )注(zhu)意(yi)放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)
閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)壽(shou)命(ming)與(yu)放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)有(you)關(guan)。當(dang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)單(shan)獨(du)給(ji)負(fu)載(zai)供(gong)電(dian)時(shi),盡(jin)量(liang)不(bu)要(yao)放(fang)電(dian)過(guo)量(liang),否(pi)則(ze)在(zai)浮(fu)充(chong)時(shi)要(yao)提(ti)高(gao)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)來(lai)補(bu)足(ju)放(fang)掉(diao)的(di)容(rong)量(liang),而(er)這(zhe)意(yi)味(wei)著(zhuo)電(dian)池(chi)可(ke)能(neng)在(zai)此(ci)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)會(kuai)損(sun)失(shi)一(yi)-些(xie)水(shui)分(fen) ,時(shi)間(jian)一(yi)長(zhang)就(jiu)會(kuai)使(shi)其(qi)失(shi)水(shui)而(er)失(shi)效(xiao)。所(suo)以(yi),當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)停(ting)電(dian)或(huo)整(zheng)流(liu)設(she)備(bei)故(gu)障(zhang)時(shi),應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)啟(qi)動(dong)油(you)機(ji)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)對(dui)負(fu)載(zai)進(jin)行(hang)供(gong)電(dian),以(yi)減(jian)少(shao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)。
如(ru)果(guo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)須(xu)長(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)電(dian),則(ze)應(ying)嚴(yan)格(ge)控(kong)製(zhi)放(fang)電(dian)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya),防(fang)止(zhi)電(dian)池(chi)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)。因(yin)為(wei)在(zai)通(tong)信(xin)領(ling)域(yu)中(zhong),蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)放(fang)電(dian)速(su)率(shuai)大(dai)都(du)在(zai)0.02C10 ~ 0.05C10範(fan)圍(wei)內(nei),所(suo)以(yi)應(ying)將(qiang)放(fang)電(dian)的(di)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)設(she)置(zhi)在(zai)1.90V/隻(zhi)左(zuo)右(you)。如(ru)果(guo)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian),就(jiu)須(xu)過(guo)量(liang)充(chong)電(dian),這(zhe)會(kuai)加(jia)速(su)水(shui)的(di)損(sun)失(shi),而(er)不(bu)過(guo)量(liang)充(chong)電(dian)又(you)會(kuai)使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)。因(yin)此(ci)要(yao)嚴(yan)防(fang)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)。
( 8 )檢(jian)查(cha)連(lian)接(jie)部(bu)位(wei)每(mei)半(ban)年(nian)應(ying)檢(jian)查(cha)一(yi)次(ci)連(lian)接(jie)導(dao)線(xian)和(hu)螺(luo)栓(shuan)是(shi)否(pi)鬆(song)動(dong)或(huo)腐(fu)蝕(shi)汙(wu)染(ran),鬆(song)動(dong)的(di)螺(luo)栓(shuan)須(xu)及(ji)時(shi)擰(ning)緊(jin)(螺(luo)栓(shuan)與(yu)螺(luo)母(mu)的(di)扭(niu)矩(ju)約(yao)為(wei)11N:m) , 腐(fu)蝕(shi)汙(wu)染(ran)的(di)接(jie)頭(tou)應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)清(qing)潔(jie)處(chu)理(li)。電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)在(zai)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),若(ruo)連(lian)接(jie)條(tiao)發(fa)熱(re)或(huo)壓(ya)降(xiang)大(dai)於(yu)10mV以(yi)上(shang),應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)用(yong)砂(sha)紙(zhi)對(dui)連(lian)接(jie)條(tiao)接(jie)觸(chu)部(bu)位(wei)進(jin)行(hang)打(da)磨(mo)處(chu)理(li)。
( 9 )放(fang)電(dian)測(ce)試(shi)每(mei)年(nian)進(jin)行(hang)一(yi) 次(ci)核(he)對(dui)性(xing)放(fang)電(dian)試(shi)驗(yan)(實(shi)際(ji)負(fu)荷(he)) , 放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)30% ~ 40% ,記(ji)錄(lu)各(ge)單(shan)體(ti)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya),檢(jian)查(cha)是(shi)否(pi)存(cun)在(zai)落(la)後(hou)電(dian)池(chi)。每(mei)3年(nian)進(jin)行(hang)一(yi)次(ci)容(rong)量(liang)試(shi)驗(yan)( 6年(nian)後(hou)每(mei)年(nian)一(yi)次(ci)) ,放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)80%。
( 10 )擱(ge)置(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)維(wei)護(hu)
擱(ge)置(zhi)不(bu)用(yong)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)應(ying)在(zai)幹(gan)燥(zao)、通(tong)風(feng)的(di)地(de)方(fang)儲(chu)存(cun),儲(chu)存(cun)溫(wen)度(duo)不(bu)宜(yi)太(tai)高(gao)，在(zai)室(shi)溫(wen)( 25°C)以(yi)下(xia),否(pi)則(ze)電(dian)池(chi)自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)嚴(yan)重(chong),易(yi)使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)發(fa)生(sheng)失(shi)水(shui)和(hu)硫(liu)化(hua)。擱(ge)置(zhi)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)應(ying)定(ding)期(qi)進(jin)行(hang)充(chong)電(dian)維(wei)護(hu),否(pi)則(ze)會(kuai)因(yin)長(zhang)期(qi)閑(xian)置(zhi)而(er)發(fa)生(sheng)硫(liu)化(hua),引(yin)起(qi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)過(guo)早(zao)失(shi)效(xiao)。通(tong)常(chang)每(mei)半(ban)年(nian)充(chong)電(dian)一(yi)次(ci) ,充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法(fa)為(wei)限(xian)流(liu)恒(heng)壓(ya)法(fa),電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)2.35V/隻(zhi)( 25°C ) ,若(ruo)溫(wen)度(duo)過(guo)高(gao)或(huo)過(guo)低(di),則(ze)應(ying)對(dui)電(dian)壓(ya)進(jin)行(hang)溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)。
