一(yi)、自(zi)我(wo)監(jian)控(kong)
早(zao)期(qi)的(di)UPS沒(mo)有(you)自(zi)我(wo)監(jian)控(kong)功(gong)能(neng),隨(sui)著(zhuo)技(ji)術(zhu)的(di)發(fa)展(zhan),微(wei)處(chu)理(li)器(qi)CPU和(hu)監(jian)控(kong)軟(ruan)件(jian)的(di)引(yin)入(ru),大(dai)大(dai)增(zeng)強(jiang)了(liao)UPS的(di)自(zi)檢(jian)功(gong)能(neng)。多(duo)數(shuo)UPS都(du)配(pei)備(bei)了(liao)自(zi)己(ji)的(di)監(jian)控(kong)軟(ruan)件(jian),如(ru)APC的(di)Powerchute,Sitepro和(hu)Emel的(di)Argus, Fenton的(di)UPS-LOGIC,M.G的(di)Monitor pac, Exide的(di)Onlinet等(deng)。UPS在(zai)這(zhe)些(xie)軟(ruan)件(jian)的(di)幫(bang)助(zhu)下(xia),可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)時(shi)地(de)監(jian)視(shi)本(ben)身(shen)的(di)各(ge)種(zhong)運(yun)行(hang)參(shen)數(shuo),並(bing)把(ba)事(shi)件(jian)儲(chu)存(cun)起(qi)來(lai),以(yi)供(gong)隨(sui)時(shi)調(diao)用(yong)。比(bi)如(ru)UPS故(gu)障(zhang)時(shi),監(jian)控(kong)軟(ruan)件(jian)就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)麵(mian)板(pan)上(shang)的(di)液(ye)晶(jing)顯(xian)示(shi)屏(bing),提(ti)供(gong)故(gu)障(zhang)的(di)部(bu)位(wei)或(huo)器(qi)件(jian),大(dai)大(dai)節(jie)省(xing)了(liao)人(ren)工(gong)查(cha)找(zhao)故(gu)障(zhang)的(di)時(shi)間(jian)。有(you)些(xie)軟(ruan)件(jian)還(huan)具(ju)有(you)預(yu)警(jing)功(gong)能(neng),比(bi)如(ru)電(dian)池(chi)即(ji)將(qiang)失(shi)效(xiao)、環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)過(guo)高(gao)時(shi),就(jiu)可(ke)及(ji)時(shi)提(ti)醒(xing)值(zhi)班(ban)人(ren)員(yuan)提(ti)前(qian)采(cai)取(qu)預(yu)防(fang)措(cuo)施(shi)。
除(chu)了(liao)本(ben)地(de)監(jian)控(kong)外(wai),還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)將(qiang)麵(mian)板(pan)上(shang)的(di)功(gong)能(neng)複(fu)製(zhi)成(cheng)所(suo)謂(wei)遙(yao)控(kong)麵(mian)板(pan),一(yi)般(pan)可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)信(xin)號(hao)線(xian)將(qiang)該(gai)遙(yao)控(kong)麵(mian)板(pan)移(yi)到(dao)幾(ji)十(shi)米(mi)以(yi)外(wai),由(you)於(yu)信(xin)號(hao)的(di)衰(cui)減(jian)和(hu)幹(gan)擾(rao)原(yuan)因(yin),大(dai)都(du)限(xian)製(zhi)在(zai)30m以(yi)內(nei)。在(zai)30m以(yi)外(wai)時(shi),就(jiu)得(dei)加(jia)有(you)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)換(huan),比(bi)如(ru)IMV Sitepro UPS通(tong)過(guo)RS232和(hu)RS422接(jie)口(kou)轉(zhuan)換(huan)後(hou)就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)將(qiang)監(jian)控(kong)距(ju)離(li)延(yan)長(zhang)到(dao)200m; Fenton UPS為(wei)了(liao)解(xie)決(jue)這(zhe)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti),采(cai)用(yong)了(liao)光(guang)纖(qian)通(tong)信(xin)方(fang)式(shi),將(qiang)監(jian)控(kong)距(ju)離(li)延(yan)長(zhang)到(dao)了(liao)1km。
三(san)、電(dian)池(chi)管(guan)理(li)功(gong)能(neng)
電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)UPS不(bu)可(ke)缺(que)少(shao)的(di)支(zhi)柱(zhu)之(zhi)一(yi)。電(dian)池(chi)的(di)好(hao)壞(huai)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)著(zhuo)UPS的(di)運(yun)行(hang)質(zhi)量(liang),機(ji)器(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)後(hou),如(ru)果(guo)因(yin)為(wei)管(guan)理(li)不(bu)善(shan)而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)池(chi)過(guo)早(zao)地(de)失(shi)效(xiao),就(jiu)會(kuai)使(shi)UPS不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(hang)或(huo)關(guan)機(ji),從(zong)而(er)使(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)用(yong)電(dian)係(ji)統(tong)陷(xian)入(ru)癱(tan)瘓(huan)。
造(zao)成(cheng)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)降(xiang)、內(nei)阻(zu)增(zeng)大(dai)等(deng)老(lao)化(hua)現(xian)象(xiang)的(di)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因(yin),是(shi)在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)循(xun)環(huan)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),由(you)於(yu)極(ji)板(pan)的(di)硫(liu)化(hua)、水(shui)分(fen)的(di)揮(hui)發(fa)以(yi)及(ji)長(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)所(suo)致(zhi)。實(shi)際(ji)上(shang),過(guo)高(gao)的(di)環(huan)境(jing)工(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)度(duo)是(shi)導(dao)致(zhi)密(mi)封(feng)電(dian)池(chi)服(fu)務(wu)壽(shou)命(ming)縮(suo)短(duan)的(di)原(yuan)因(yin)。有(you)關(guan)經(jing)驗(yan)數(shuo)據(ju)表(biao)明(ming):當(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)超(chao)過(guo)25℃時(shi),以(yi)後(hou)每(mei)升(sheng)高(gao)10℃,就(jiu)會(kuai)使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)壽(shou)命(ming)縮(suo)短(duan)一(yi)半(ban)。因(yin)此(ci),電(dian)池(chi)製(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)們(men)為(wei)電(dian)池(chi)設(she)計(ji)了(liao)溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)功(gong)能(neng),在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度(duo)上(shang)有(you)所(suo)改(gai)善(shan)。
當(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)升(sheng)高(gao)時(shi),電(dian)池(chi)所(suo)允(yun)許(xu)的(di)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)電(dian)平(ping)要(yao)相(xiang)應(ying)降(xiang)低(di),如(ru)果(guo)仍(reng)保(bao)持(chi)其(qi)不(bu)變(bian)的(di)話(hua),就(jiu)會(kuai)使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)於(yu)過(guo)充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai),導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)池(chi)加(jia)速(su)老(lao)化(hua);采(cai)用(yong)溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)電(dian)路(lu)來(lai)實(shi)時(shi)調(diao)整(zheng)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya),可(ke)使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)於(yu)浮(fu)充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。盡(jin)管(guan)如(ru)此(ci),當(dang)溫(wen)度(duo)升(sheng)高(gao)時(shi),電(dian)池(chi)本(ben)身(shen)的(di)固(gu)有(you)存(cun)儲(chu)壽(shou)命(ming)仍(reng)然(ran)會(kuai)縮(suo)短(duan)。表(biao)1-1為(wei)實(shi)踐(jian)側(zhai)得(dei)的(di)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)對(dui)閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)影(ying)響(xiang)的(di)結(jie)果(guo)。
| 環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)(℃) | 20~25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 |
| 用(yong)帶(dai)溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(年(nian)) | 10 | 9.4 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 5 |
| 用(yong)不(bu)帶(dai)溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(年(nian)) | 10 | 8 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 4 |
由(you)表(biao)中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)出(chu),溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)隻(zhi)可(ke)以(yi)解(xie)決(jue)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)問(wen)題(ti)。盡(jin)管(guan)如(ru)此(ci),在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)中(zhong),效(xiao)果(guo)還(huan)是(shi)顯(xian)著(zhuo)的(di),因(yin)為(wei)電(dian)池(chi)補(bu)償(chang)的(di)優(you)點(dian)在(zai)40℃以(yi)下(xia)時(shi)還(huan)是(shi)很(hen)明(ming)顯(xian)的(di),而(er)一(yi)般(pan)機(ji)房(fang)的(di)溫(wen)度(duo)也(ye)很(hen)少(shao)超(chao)過(guo)這(zhe)個(ge)溫(wen)度(duo)範(fan)圍(wei)。應(ying)注(zhu)意(yi)的(di)是(shi):因(yin)為(wei)這(zhe)種(zhong)補(bu)償(chang)是(shi)非(fei)線(xian)性(xing)的(di),若(ruo)溫(wen)度(duo)傳(zhuan)感(gan)器(qi)和(hu)一(yi)係(ji)列(lie)的(di)信(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換(huan)電(dian)路(lu)選(xuan)擇(ze)和(hu)調(diao)整(zheng)得(dei)不(bu)好(hao),就(jiu)會(kuai)在(zai)溫(wen)度(duo)變(bian)化(hua)時(shi)導(dao)致(zhi)過(guo)補(bu)償(chang),其(qi)結(jie)果(guo)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)加(jia)速(su)了(liao)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)老(lao)化(hua),另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)也(ye)造(zao)成(cheng)UPS的(di)誤(wu)動(dong)作(zuo)。
當(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)太(tai)低(di)時(shi),雖(sui)然(ran)對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)儲(chu)存(cun)有(you)利(li),對(dui)其(qi)老(lao)化(hua)也(ye)無(wu)很(hen)大(dai)影(ying)響(xiang),可(ke)使(shi)服(fu)務(wu)壽(shou)命(ming)延(yan)長(zhang),但(dan)它(ta)會(kuai)造(zao)成(cheng)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)降(xiang)低(di)。比(bi)如(ru),當(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)由(you)25℃下(xia)降(xiang)到(dao)0℃時(shi),電(dian)池(chi)的(di)有(you)效(xiao)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)將(qiang)下(xia)降(xiang)20%-30%。
實(shi)際(ji)上(shang),電(dian)池(chi)服(fu)務(wu)壽(shou)命(ming)的(di)方(fang)案(an)就(jiu)是(shi)盡(jin)量(liang)將(qiang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)20℃-25℃。當(dang)然(ran),影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)的(di)因(yin)素(su)還(huan)有(you)放(fang)電(dian)次(ci)數(shuo)、放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)、放(fang)電(dian)和(hu)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)以(yi)及(ji)定(ding)時(shi)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)的(di)周(zhou)期(qi)等(deng)。嚴(yan)格(ge)地(de)說(shui),幾(ji)乎(hu)沒(mo)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)機(ji)房(fang)條(tiao)件(jian)可(ke)以(yi)滿(man)足(ju)如(ru)此(ci)多(duo)的(di)要(yao)求(qiu),因(yin)此(ci),要(yao)達(da)到(dao)廠(han)家(jia)給(ji)出(chu)的(di)期(qi)望(wang)壽(shou)命(ming)是(shi)很(hen)難(nan)的(di)。