中(zhong)、大(dai)型(xing)UPS係(ji)統(tong)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)的(di)是(shi)閥(fa)控(kong)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。由(you)於(yu)中(zhong)、大(dai)型(xing)UPS係(ji)統(tong)的(di)直(zhi)流(liu)母(mu)線(xian)電(dian)壓(ya)很(hen)高(gao),一(yi)般(pan)為(wei)400V左(zuo)右(you),所(suo)以(yi)中(zhong)、大(dai)型(xing)UPS係(ji)統(tong)采(cai)用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)。一(yi)組(zu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)一(yi)般(pan)由(you)32節(jie)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)12V)或(huo)180節(jie)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)2V)串(chuan)聯(lian)組(zu)成(cheng)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)在(zai)UPS係(ji)統(tong)中(zhong)是(shi)循(xun)環(huan)運(yun)行(hang)的(di),有(you)兩(liang)種(zhong)運(yun)行(hang)狀(zhuang)態(tai):一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai),另(ling)一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)放(fang)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
根(gen)據(ju)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)中(zhong)、大(dai)型(xing)UPS係(ji)統(tong)中(zhong)運(yun)行(hang)的(di)特(te)點(dian),應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)合(ge)適(kuo)的(di)監(jian)測(ce)管(guan)理(li)方(fang)法(fa)和(hu)適(kuo)當(dang)的(di)配(pei)置(zhi)容(rong)量(liang),以(yi)延(yan)長(zhang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming),減(jian)少(shao)UPS係(ji)統(tong)故(gu)障(zhang)率(shuai)。UPS係(ji)統(tong)對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)監(jian)測(ce)管(guan)理(li)包(bao)括(kuo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)判(pan)斷(duan)和(hu)對(dui)每(mei)個(ge)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)流(liu)、實(shi)際(ji)容(rong)量(liang)、剩(sheng)餘(yu)容(rong)量(liang)和(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)度(duo)等(deng)進(jin)行(hang)實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)測(ce)。它(ta)具(ju)有(you)浮(fu)充(chong)、均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)、在(zai)線(xian)放(fang)電(dian)測(ce)試(shi)和(hu)故(gu)障(zhang)告(gao)警(jing)等(deng)功(gong)能(neng),能(neng)自(zi)動(dong)循(xun)環(huan)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian),活(huo)化(hua)診(zhen)治(zhi)落(la)後(hou)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),提(ti)高(gao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming),浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)穩(wen)定(ding),並(bing)具(ju)有(you)溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)功(gong)能(neng)。
(1) 蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)的(di)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)
如(ru)果(guo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)不(bu)好(hao),當(dang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)於(yu)充(chong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)時(shi),其(qi)中(zhong)容(rong)量(liang)較(jiao)小(xiao)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)會(kuai)提(ti)前(qian)析(xi)氣(qi),導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)升(sheng)高(gao),電(dian)解(xie)水(shui)反(fan)應(ying)加(jia)快(kuai)。這(zhe)些(xie)變(bian)化(hua)會(kuai)促(cu)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部(bu)溫(wen)升(sheng)加(jia)大(dai)和(hu)失(shi)水(shui)量(liang)加(jia)劇(ju),甚(shen)至(zhi)出(chu)現(xian)熱(re)失(shi)控(kong)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)中(zhong)容(rong)量(liang)較(jiao)大(dai)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),其(qi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)上(shang)升(sheng)很(hen)慢(man),容(rong)易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)。長(zhang)期(qi)如(ru)此(ci),必(bi)然(ran)加(jia)劇(ju)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(pan)硫(liu)化(hua)程(cheng)度(duo),導(dao)致(zhi)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)降(xiang),引(yin)起(qi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)提(ti)前(qian)失(shi)效(xiao)。當(dang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)於(yu)放(fang)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)時(shi),如(ru)果(guo)負(fu)載(zai)變(bian)化(hua)較(jiao)大(dai)、市(shi)電(dian)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi)間(jian)較(jiao)長(zhang)或(huo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)容(rong)量(liang)配(pei)置(zhi)不(bu)足(ju),則(ze)容(rong)量(liang)較(jiao)小(xiao)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)將(qiang)加(jia)深(shen),有(you)時(shi)可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)降(xiang)至(zhi)規(gui)定(ding)的(di)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)下(xia),會(kuai)縮(suo)短(duan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)。所(suo)以(yi)UPS係(ji)統(tong)要(yao)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)選(xuan)用(yong)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)好(hao)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)。此(ci)外(wai),在(zai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)運(yun)行(hang)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),要(yao)根(gen)據(ju)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)來(lai)判(pan)斷(duan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)的(di)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing),及(ji)時(shi)更(geng)換(huan)失(shi)效(xiao)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
(2) 采(cai)用(yong)正(zheng)確(que)的(di)浮(fu)充(chong)方(fang)式(shi)
在(zai)浮(fu)充(chong)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)下(xia),采(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)壓(ya)限(xian)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)時(shi),其(qi)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)須(xu)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)較(jiao)小(xiao)的(di)範(fan)圍(wei)內(nei),在(zai)該(gai)電(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)充(chong)入(ru)的(di)電(dian)量(liang)應(ying)足(ju)以(yi)補(bu)償(chang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)由(you)於(yu)自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)而(er)損(sun)失(shi)的(di)電(dian)量(liang)。因(yin)此(ci).蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)能(neng)過(guo)高(gao)或(huo)過(guo)低(di),過(guo)高(gao)會(kuai)造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)充(chong)電(dian),過(guo)低(di)會(kuai)造(zao)成(cheng)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)。同(tong)理(li),其(qi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)過(guo)高(gao)或(huo)過(guo)低(di)。以(yi)GFM係(ji)列(lie)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(單(shan)體(ti)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)2V)為(wei)例(li),當(dang)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)於(yu)2-40V、充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)大(dai)於(yu)。0.01C10A時(shi),氣(qi)體(ti)複(fu)合(ge)效(xiao)率(shuai)快(kuai)速(su)降(xiang)低(di),析(xi)出(chu)的(di)大(dai)量(liang)氣(qi)體(ti)不(bu)能(neng)及(ji)時(shi)複(fu)合(ge)而(er)被(bei)排(pai)出(chu),造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)逐(zhu)漸(jian)幹(gan)枯(ku),溫(wen)度(duo)也(ye)會(kuai)逐(zhu)漸(jian)升(sheng)高(gao),其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)將(qiang)會(kuai)大(dai)大(dai)縮(suo)短(duan)。在(zai)25℃時(shi),GFM係(ji)列(lie)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)應(ying)為(wei)每(mei)隻(zhi)2.26±0.01V,充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)應(ying)為(wei)0.005C10A.此(ci)時(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)的(di)複(fu)合(ge)效(xiao)率(shuai)高(gao),幾(ji)乎(hu)達(da)到(dao)100腸(chang),充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)產(chan)生(sheng)的(di)氣(qi)體(ti)幾(ji)乎(hu)完(wan)全(quan)再(zai)複(fu)合(ge)成(cheng)水(shui),蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)的(di)飽(bao)和(hu)度(duo)基(ji)本(ben)不(bu)受(shou)影(ying)響(xiang),從(zong)而(er)了(liao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)正(zheng)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。此(ci)外(wai),浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)要(yao)根(gen)據(ju)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)工(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)度(duo)進(jin)行(hang)補(bu)償(chang),通(tong)常(chang)單(shan)隻(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)溫(wen)度(duo)校(jiao)正(zheng)係(ji)數(shuo)為(wei)3mV/℃。

HDGC3920 蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)線(xian)監(jian)測(ce)係(ji)統(tong)
(3) 采(cai)用(yong)正(zheng)確(que)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)
當(dang)UPS係(ji)統(tong)中(zhong)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)因(yin)市(shi)電(dian)停(ting)電(dian)等(deng)原(yuan)因(yin)放(fang)電(dian)之(zhi)後(hou)或(huo)在(zai)浮(fu)充(chong)運(yun)行(hang)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)了(liao)落(la)後(hou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(以(yi)GFM係(ji)列(lie)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)為(wei)例(li),每(mei)節(jie)電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)於(yu)2.20V)時(shi),需(xu)對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)進(jin)行(hang)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)。其(qi)方(fang)法(fa)為(wei)初(chu)期(qi)恒(heng)流(liu)((0.1C10A-0.125C10A)充(chong)至(zhi)2.35V(單(shan)節(jie))之(zhi)後(hou)保(bao)持(chi)該(gai)電(dian)壓(ya),然(ran)後(hou)再(zai)恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)。
(4) 蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)運(yun)行(hang)溫(wen)度(duo)
圖(tu)3-1為(wei)GFM係(ji)列(lie)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)和(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)度(duo)的(di)關(guan)係(ji)曲(qu)線(xian)。從(zong)該(gai)圖(tu)可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)出(chu),蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)隨(sui)溫(wen)度(duo)的(di)升(sheng)降(xiang)而(er)增(zeng)大(dai)或(huo)減(jian)小(xiao)。
當(dang)溫(wen)度(duo)升(sheng)高(gao)時(shi),應(ying)降(xiang)低(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya),否(pi)則(ze)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)中(zhong)極(ji)板(pan)受(shou)硫(liu)酸(suan)腐(fu)蝕(shi)加(jia)劇(ju),從(zong)而(er)使(shi)其(qi)壽(shou)命(ming)縮(suo)短(duan)。當(dang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)低(di)於(yu)25℃時(shi),充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)應(ying)提(ti)高(gao),以(yi)防(fang)止(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)。