服(fu)務(wu)熱(re)線(xian):
400-027-1996
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)具(ju)有(you)自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)效(xiao)應(ying)。從(zong)生(sheng)產(chan)製(zhi)造(zao)車(ju)間(jian)到(dao)用(yong)戶(hu)使(shi)用(yong)，大(dai)約(yao)要(yao)延(yan)誤(wu)數(shuo)月(yue)的(di)時(shi)間(jian)。以(yi)Panasonic蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)為(wei)例(li)，在(zai)30℃的(di)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)下(xia)儲(chu)藏(zang)8個(ge)月(yue)的(di)時(shi)間(jian)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)殘(can)存(cun)容(rong)量(liang)僅(jin)為(wei)出(chu)廠(han)時(shi)的(di)一(yi)半(ban)，因(yin)此(ci)對(dui)於(yu)新(xin)購(gou)買(mai)的(di)UPS配(pei)套(tao)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，一(yi)般(pan)要(yao)進(jin)行(hang)一(yi)次(ci)較(jiao)長(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)，這(zhe)叫(jiao)做(zuo)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)大(dai)小(xiao)應(ying)按(an)0. 1C來(lai)充(chong)電(dian)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)終(zhong)了(liao)後(hou)可(ke)進(jin)行(hang)再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)，這(zhe)叫(jiao)做(zuo)正(zheng)常(chang)充(chong)電(dian)。目(mu)前(qian)在(zai)UPS中(zhong)用(yong)兩(liang)種(zhong)較(jiao)普(pu)遍(bian)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi):浮(fu)充(chong)(Float Charge)和(hu)脈(mo)充(chong)(Tricble Charge)。所(suo)謂(wei)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)是(shi)指(zhi)整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)的(di)輸(shu)出(chu)與(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)並(bing)聯(lian)工(gong)作(zuo)，並(bing)同(tong)時(shi)向(xiang)負(fu)載(zai)供(gong)電(dian).實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)此(ci)時(shi)整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)提(ti)供(gong)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)分(fen)兩(liang)路(lu):一(yi)路(lu)送(song)給(ji)負(fu)載(zai)，另(ling)一(yi)路(lu)送(song)給(ji)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)以(yi)補(bu)充(chong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)自(zi)身(shen)內(nei)部(bu)損(sun)耗(hao).浮(fu)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi)接(jie)線(xian)簡(jian)單(shan)，對(dui)改(gai)善(shan)UPS輸(shu)出(chu)瞬(shun)態(tai)響(xiang)應(ying)特(te)性(xing)有(you)好(hao)處(chu)。脈(mo)衝(chong)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)特(te)點(dian)是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)隨(sui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)而(er)變(bian)化(hua)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)和(hu)負(fu)載(zai)不(bu)是(shi)並(bing)聯(lian)連(lian)接(jie)的(di)，用(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)充(chong)電(dian)可(ke)以(yi)縮(suo)短(duan)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)。
1.充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)
由(you)於(yu)UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)屬(zhu)於(yu)備(bei)用(yong)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi)，在(zai)市(shi)電(dian)正(zheng)常(chang)的(di)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)處(chu)於(yu)充(chong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，隻(zhi)有(you)停(ting)電(dian)時(shi)才(cai)會(kuai)放(fang)電(dian)。為(wei)延(yan)長(zhang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)，UPS的(di)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)一(yi)般(pan)采(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)壓(ya)限(xian)流(liu)控(kong)製(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)滿(man)後(hou)即(ji)轉(zhuan)為(wei)浮(fu)充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
對(dui)於(yu)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)12V的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，正(zheng)常(chang)的(di)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)13.5~13. 8V之(zhi)間(jian)。浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低(di)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)不(bu)滿(man);浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)高(gao)，會(kuai)造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)。當(dang)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)超(chao)過(guo)14V時(shi)，即(ji)認(ren)為(wei)是(shi)過(guo)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)。嚴(yan)禁(jin)對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)過(guo)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian).因(yin)為(wei)過(guo)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)會(kuai)造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)中(zhong)的(di)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)所(suo)含(han)的(di)水(shui)被(bei)電(dian)解(xie)成(cheng)氫(qing)氣(qi)和(hu)氧(yang)氣(qi)而(er)逸(yi)出(chu)，使(shi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)濃(nong)度(duo)增(zeng)大(dai)，導(dao)致(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)縮(suo)短(duan)甚(shen)至(zhi)燒(shao)壞(huai)。
2.充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)、放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)一(yi)般(pan)以(yi)C來(lai)表(biao)示(shi)，C的(di)實(shi)際(ji)值(zhi)與(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)有(you)關(guan)。舉(ju)例(li)來(lai)講(jiang)，如(ru)果(guo)是(shi)10OAh的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，C為(wei)100Ah鬆(song)下(xia)鉛(qian)酸(suan)免(wen)維(wei)護(hu)蓄(xu)電(dian)他(ta)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)為(wei)0.1C左(zuo)右(you)，充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)決(jue)不(bu)能(neng)大(dai)於(yu)0.3C。充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)過(guo)大(dai)或(huo)過(guo)小(xiao)都(du)會(kuai)影(ying)響(xiang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)一(yi)般(pan)要(yao)求(qiu)為(wei)。0.05C-3C, UPS在(zai)正(zheng)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)都(du)能(neng)滿(man)足(ju)此(ci)要(yao)求(qiu)，但(dan)也(ye)要(yao)防(fang)止(zhi)意(yi)外(wai)情(qing)況(kuang)的(di)發(fa)生(sheng)，如(ru)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)短(duan)路(lu)。
理(li)想(xiang)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)應(ying)采(cai)用(yong)分(fen)階(jie)段(duan)定(ding)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)方(fang)式(shi)，即(ji)在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)初(chu)期(qi)采(cai)用(yong)較(jiao)大(dai)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)，定(ding)時(shi)間(jian)後(hou)改(gai)為(wei)較(jiao)小(xiao)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)，至(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)末(mo)期(qi)改(gai)用(yong)更(geng)小(xiao)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)。充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)的(di)設(she)計(ji)值(zhi)一(yi)般(pan)為(wei)0.1C，當(dang)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)超(chao)過(guo)。.3C時(shi)可(ke)認(ren)為(wei)是(shi)過(guo)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)。避(bi)免(wen)用(yong)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)充(chong)電(dian)，否(pi)則(ze)會(kuai)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)於(yu)瞬(shun)時(shi)過(guo)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)和(hu)瞬(shun)時(shi)過(guo)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)可(ke)供(gong)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)下(xia)降(xiang)甚(shen)至(zhi)損(sun)壞(huai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。過(guo)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)會(kuai)導(dao)致(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(pan)彎(wan)曲(qu)，活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)脫(tuo)落(la)，造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)供(gong)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)降(xiang)，嚴(yan)重(chong)時(shi)會(kuai)損(sun)壞(huai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
3.充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)
鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)產(chan)物(wu)是(shi)硫(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)，若(ruo)不(bu)及(ji)時(shi)轉(zhuan)化(hua)掉(diao)，會(kuai)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)於(yu)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，從(zong)而(er)降(xiang)低(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)和(hu)縮(suo)短(duan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。因(yin)此(ci)，須(xu)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)處(chu)於(yu)充(chong)足(ju)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。一(yi)般(pan)采(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)製(zhi).針(zhen)對(dui)不(bu)同(tong)情(qing)況(kuang)，可(ke)分(fen)浮(fu)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)和(hu)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)兩(liang)種(zhong)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)。
(1) 浮(fu)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)
在(zai)線(xian)式(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)長(zhang)期(qi)並(bing)聯(lian)在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)和(hu)負(fu)載(zai)線(xian)路(lu)上(shang)作(zuo)為(wei)後(hou)備(bei)電(dian)源(yuan)。一(yi)般(pan)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，都(du)采(cai)用(yong)浮(fu)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)2. 25V(相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)2V蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)).並(bing)定(ding)期(qi)觀(guan)察(cha)、記(ji)錄(lu)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)化(hua)情(qing)況(kuang).如(ru)果(guo)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)偏(pian)低(di)，說(shui)明(ming)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足(ju)、容(rong)量(liang)不(bu)夠(gou)，應(ying)注(zhu)意(yi)跟(gen)蹤(zong)。
(2) 均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)
所(suo)謂(wei)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)是(shi)把(ba)每(mei)個(ge)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)單(shan)元(yuan)並(bing)聯(lian)起(qi)來(lai)，用(yong)統(tong)一(yi)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)進(jin)行(hang)充(chong)電(dian)。如(ru)果(guo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)在(zai)浮(fu)充(chong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)落(la)後(hou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(單(shan)體(ti)電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)於(yu)2. 20V，相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)2V蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi))或(huo)浮(fu)充(chong)三(san)個(ge)月(yue)後(hou)，宜(yi)進(jin)行(hang)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)，其(qi)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)2. 35V，充(chong)6~8h(注(zhu)意(yi)，一(yi)次(ci)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)宜(yi)太(tai)長(zhang)).然(ran)後(hou)調(diao)回(hui)到(dao)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)，再(zai)觀(guan)察(cha)落(la)後(hou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)化(hua)情(qing)況(kuang)。如(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)仍(reng)未(wei)到(dao)位(wei)，相(xiang)隔(ge)兩(liang)周(zhou)後(hou)再(zai)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)一(yi)次(ci)。一(yi)般(pan)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，新(xin)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)經(jing)過(guo)6個(ge)月(yue)浮(fu)充(chong)、兩(liang)次(ci)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)後(hou)，其(qi)電(dian)壓(ya)會(kuai)趨(qu)於(yu)一(yi)致(zhi)。均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)一(yi)般(pan)選(xuan)0.3C或(huo)略(lüe)小(xiao)於(yu)0.3C,額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)12V的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)一(yi)般(pan)選(xuan)14.5V。
當(dang)UPS的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)遇(yu)到(dao)下(xia)述(shu)情(qing)況(kuang)之(zhi)一(yi)時(shi)，要(yao)想(xiang)恢(hui)複(fu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)可(ke)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)特(te)性(xing)，應(ying)采(cai)用(yong)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)辦(ban)法(fa)來(lai)解(xie)決(jue)。
① 過(guo)量(liang)放(fang)電(dian)使(shi)得(dei)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)於(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)所(suo)允(yun)許(xu)的(di)放(fang)電(dian)終(zhong)了(liao)電(dian)壓(ya)。對(dui)於(yu)12V的(di)M型(xing)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)而(er)言(yan)，其(qi)放(fang)電(dian)終(zhong)了(liao)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)10.5V左(zuo)右(you)。
② UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)中(zhong)，各(ge)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)單(shan)元(yuan)之(zhi)間(jian)的(di)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)差(chai)別(bie)超(chao)過(guo)1V。
③ 長(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)置(zhi)不(bu)用(yong)、超(chao)過(guo)靜(jing)態(tai)存(cun)儲(chu)時(shi)間(jian)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。常(chang)溫(wen)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong).一(yi)般(pan)UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)靜(jing)態(tai)存(cun)儲(chu)時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)9個(ge)月(yue)。當(dang)溫(wen)度(duo)為(wei)31 C – 40℃時(shi)，靜(jing)態(tai)存(cun)儲(chu)時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)5個(ge)月(yue)(包(bao)括(kuo)新(xin)購(gou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi))。
④ 重(chong)新(xin)更(geng)換(huan)了(liao)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
⑤ 放(fang)電(dian)後(hou)未(wei)能(neng)及(ji)時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
⑥ 長(zhang)期(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)於(yu)浮(fu)充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(即(ji)UPS長(zhang)期(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)於(yu)市(shi)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai))並(bing)超(chao)過(guo)靜(jing)態(tai)存(cun)儲(chu)時(shi)間(jian)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
⑦ 不(bu)慎(shen)放(fang)電(dian)，將(qiang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)放(fang)至(zhi)低(di)於(yu)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)。
對(dui)於(yu)NP6-12型(xing)密(mi)封(feng)式(shi)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，其(qi)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)14V左(zuo)右(you)，允(yun)許(xu)的(di)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian) 電(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)於(yu)0. 28C;對(dui)於(yu)LCL12 V24P型(xing)密(mi)封(feng)式(shi)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，其(qi)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)14V左(zuo)右(you)，允(yun)許(xu)的(di)均(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)於(yu)8A。
(3) 溫(wen)度(duo)補(bu)償(chang)
雖(sui)然(ran)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)工(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)度(duo)範(fan)圍(wei)很(hen)寬(kuan)，可(ke)在(zai)-15℃~+45℃範(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)運(yun)行(hang)，但(dan)是(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)運(yun)行(hang)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)為(wei)25℃左(zuo)右(you)，如(ru)果(guo)環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)度(duo)變(bian)化(hua)較(jiao)大(dai)。需(xu)用(yong)溫(wen)度(duo)係(ji)數(shuo)進(jin)行(hang)補(bu)償(chang)(-3mV/℃)，可(ke)參(shen)考(kao)表(biao)3-2調(diao)整(zheng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)。
(4) 充(chong)電(dian)操(cao)作(zuo)
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)放(fang)電(dian)後(hou)，應(ying)立(li)即(ji)轉(zhuan)人(ren)充(chong)電(dian)，開(kai)始(shi)控(kong)製(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu).以(yi)不(bu)大(dai)於(yu)0.2C為(wei)宜(yi)(如(ru)200Ah蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)應(ying)不(bu)大(dai)於(yu)0.2 * 200=40A)。當(dang)電(dian)流(liu)變(bian)小(xiao)時(shi)，可(ke)慢(man)慢(man)提(ti)高(gao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)，達(da)到(dao)均(jun)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)後(hou)再(zai)充(chong)6小(xiao)時(shi)，然(ran)後(hou)再(zai)調(diao)回(hui)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)。在(zai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)大(dai)小(xiao)設(she)計(ji)中(zhong)一(yi)般(pan)按(an)說(shui)明(ming)書(shu)規(gui)定(ding)值(zhi)或(huo)按(an)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)1/10的(di)電(dian)流(liu)來(lai)進(jin)行(hang)。使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)正(zheng)常(chang)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)分(fen)級(ji)定(ding)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，即(ji)在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)初(chu)期(qi)用(yong)較(jiao)大(dai)電(dian)流(liu)，充(chong)電(dian)一(yi)定(ding)時(shi)間(jian)後(hou)改(gai)用(yong)較(jiao)小(xiao)電(dian)流(liu)，在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)後(hou)期(qi)改(gai)用(yong)更(geng)小(xiao)的(di)電(dian)流(liu)。這(zhe)種(zhong)充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法(fa)的(di)效(xiao)率(shuai)較(jiao)高(gao)，它(ta)所(suo)需(xu)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)較(jiao)短(duan)，充(chong)電(dian)效(xiao)果(guo)也(ye)好(hao)，對(dui)延(yan)長(zhang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)有(you)利(li)。有(you)的(di)新(xin)型(xing)智(zhi)能(neng)UPS采(cai)用(yong)定(ding)期(qi)自(zi)動(dong)檢(jian)測(ce)及(ji)循(xun)環(huan)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)方(fang)式(shi)對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)，以(yi)延(yan)長(zhang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)。
(5) 治(zhi)療(liao)性(xing)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)
對(dui)於(yu)治(zhi)療(liao)性(xing)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)，可(ke)從(zong)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)和(hu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)判(pan)斷(duan)每(mei)隻(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)“健(jian)康(kang)情(qing)況(kuang)”，因(yin)為(wei)不(bu)同(tong)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)每(mei)隻(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)化(hua)就(jiu)代(dai)表(biao)了(liao)該(gai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)“健(jian)康(kang)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)”，如(ru)有(you)不(bu)合(ge)格(ge)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，應(ying)采(cai)取(qu)補(bu)救(jiu)措(cuo)施(shi)。
有(you)些(xie)UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)欠(qian)壓(ya)是(shi)由(you)於(yu)UPS逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)末(mo)級(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)路(lu)損(sun)壞(huai)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)所(suo)致(zhi)。若(ruo)在(zai)修(xiu)好(hao)電(dian)路(lu)故(gu)障(zhang)後(hou)，及(ji)時(shi)將(qiang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)接(jie)人(ren)原(yuan)電(dian)路(lu)充(chong)電(dian)，仍(reng)然(ran)會(kuai)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)複(fu)好(hao)如(ru)初(chu)。問(wen)題(ti)在(zai)於(yu)，欠(qian)壓(ya)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)無(wu)法(fa)使(shi)UPS啟(qi)動(dong)成(cheng)功(gong)。此(ci)時(shi)，可(ke)用(yong)如(ru)下(xia)辦(ban)法(fa)解(xie)決(jue):
① 先(xian)用(yong)好(hao)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)將(qiang)UPS啟(qi)動(dong)到(dao)市(shi)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)後(hou)，再(zai)撤(che)掉(diao)好(hao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)並(bing)換(huan)上(shang)待(dai)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)欠(qian)壓(ya)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。注(zhu)意(yi)，調(diao)換(huan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)時(shi)，要(yao)求(qiu)UPS空(kong)載(zai)運(yun)行(hang).一(yi)般(pan)UPS進(jin)人(ren)市(shi)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)後(hou)，隻(zhi)要(yao)保(bao)持(chi)輸(shu)入(ru)市(shi)電(dian)正(zheng)常(chang)，撤(che)掉(diao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)不(bu)會(kuai)影(ying)響(xiang)市(shi)電(dian)供(gong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。給(ji)欠(qian)壓(ya)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)，注(zhu)意(yi)觀(guan)察(cha)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)。
② 將(qiang)欠(qian)壓(ya)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)先(xian)充(chong)電(dian)到(dao)10.5V(相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)12V蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi))以(yi)上(shang)，便(pian)可(ke)使(shi)UPS成(cheng)功(gong)啟(qi)動(dong)。
4.放(fang)電(dian)要(yao)求(qiu)
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)實(shi)際(ji)放(fang)出(chu)的(di)容(rong)量(liang)與(yu)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)有(you)關(guan)。放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)越(yue)大(dai)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)效(xiao)率(shuai)越(yue)低(di)。例(li)如(ru)，對(dui)於(yu)12V/24Ah的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，當(dang)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)為(wei)0. 4 C時(shi)，放(fang)電(dian)至(zhi)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)時(shi)間(jian)是(shi)110min，實(shi)際(ji)輸(shu)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)17. 6Ah，效(xiao)率(shuai)為(wei)73. 3 %;當(dang)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)為(wei)7C時(shi)，放(fang)電(dian)至(zhi)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya)的(di)時(shi)間(jian)僅(jin)為(wei)20s,實(shi)際(ji)輸(shu)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)0. 93Ah，效(xiao)率(shuai)為(wei)3.9%。所(suo)以(yi)應(ying)避(bi)免(wen)大(dai)電(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)，提(ti)高(gao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)效(xiao)率(shuai)。一(yi)般(pan)電(dian)路(lu)設(she)計(ji)和(hu)用(yong)戶(hu)選(xuan)擇(ze)負(fu)載(zai)，UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)逆(ni)變(bian)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)2C。
(1) 放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)
放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)的(di)影(ying)響(xiang)也(ye)非(fei)常(chang)大(dai)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)越(yue)深(shen)，其(qi)循(xun)環(huan)使(shi)用(yong)次(ci)數(shuo)就(jiu)越(yue)少(shao)。雖(sui)然(ran)UPS都(du)有(you)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)低(di)電(dian)位(wei)保(bao)護(hu)功(gong)能(neng)，一(yi)般(pan)單(shan)節(jie)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)至(zhi)10. 5V(相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)12V蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi))左(zuo)右(you)時(shi)，UPS就(jiu)會(kuai)自(zi)動(dong)關(guan)機(ji)，但(dan)是(shi)如(ru)果(guo)UPS處(chu)於(yu)輕(qing)載(zai)放(fang)電(dian)或(huo)空(kong)載(zai)放(fang)電(dian)的(di)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，盡(jin)管(guan)采(cai)用(yong)小(xiao)電(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)能(neng)提(ti)高(gao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)效(xiao)率(shuai)，但(dan)是(shi)當(dang)用(yong)極(ji)小(xiao)電(dian)流(liu)(小(xiao)於(yu)0.05C)長(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)，將(qiang)導(dao)致(zhi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)實(shi)際(ji)放(fang)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)超(chao)過(guo)其(qi)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang).從(zong)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)嚴(yan)重(chong)的(di)深(shen)度(duo)放(fang)電(dian)。當(dang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)為(wei)100 %時(shi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)約(yao)為(wei)200-250次(ci)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環(huan);放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)為(wei)50%時(shi)，約(yao)為(wei)500-600次(ci)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環(huan)。因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)UPS時(shi)既(ji)要(yao)避(bi)免(wen)重(chong)載(zai)過(guo)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)，又(you)要(yao)避(bi)免(wen)長(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)輕(qing)載(zai)逆(ni)變(bian)造(zao)成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)深(shen)度(duo)放(fang)電(dian)，更(geng)要(yao)避(bi)免(wen)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)短(duan)路(lu)放(fang)電(dian)，否(pi)則(ze)會(kuai)嚴(yan)重(chong)損(sun)壞(huai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)能(neng)力(li)和(hu)蓄(xu)電(dian)能(neng)力(li)，縮(suo)短(duan)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。在(zai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)中(zhong)，不(bu)是(shi)先(xian)追(dui)求(qiu)放(fang)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)百(bai)分(fen)數(shuo)，而(er)是(shi)要(yao)關(guan)注(zhu)發(fa)現(xian)和(hu)處(chu)理(li)落(la)後(hou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，對(dui)落(la)後(hou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)處(chu)理(li)後(hou)再(zai)做(zuo)核(he)對(dui)性(xing)放(fang)電(dian)實(shi)驗(yan)。這(zhe)樣(yang)可(ke)防(fang)止(zhi)事(shi)故(gu).以(yi)免(wen)放(fang)電(dian)中(zhong)落(la)後(hou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)惡(wu)化(hua)為(wei)反(fan)極(ji)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
(2) 放(fang)電(dian)操(cao)作(zuo)
放(fang)電(dian)是(shi)為(wei)了(liao)檢(jian)查(cha)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)是(shi)否(pi)正(zheng)常(chang)，一(yi)般(pan)采(cai)用(yong)10小(xiao)時(shi)率(shuai)放(fang)電(dian)，有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)的(di)可(ke)用(yong)假(jia)負(fu)載(zai)放(fang)電(dian).從(zong)用(yong)戶(hu)方(fang)便(pian)的(di)角(jue)度(duo)考(kao)慮(lv)，也(ye)可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)用(yong)負(fu)載(zai)進(jin)行(hang)放(fang)電(dian)，即(ji)斷(duan)開(kai)市(shi)電(dian)，用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)。考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)，放(fang)電(dian)深(shen)度(duo)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)30%-50%為(wei)宜(yi)，當(dang)然(ran)有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)時(shi)可(ke)放(fang)電(dian)更(geng)深(shen)一(yi)些(xie)，這(zhe)樣(yang)更(geng)容(rong)易(yi)暴(bao)露(lou)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)潛(qian)在(zai)的(di)問(wen)題(ti)。另(ling)外(wai)，每(mei)小(xiao)時(shi)檢(jian)測(ce)一(yi)次(ci)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)，通(tong)過(guo)計(ji)算(suan)求(qiu)出(chu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)，然(ran)後(hou)對(dui)照(zhao)表(biao)3-3中(zhong)的(di)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)，判(pan)斷(duan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)否(pi)正(zheng)常(chang).
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)電(dian)流(liu)(A)與(yu)時(shi)間(jian)(h)的(di)乘(sheng)積(ji)。在(zai)相(xiang)應(ying)放(fang)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)，測(ce)出(chu)的(di)單(shan)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)應(ying)等(deng)於(yu)或(huo)大(dai)於(yu)相(xiang)應(ying)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)時(shi)，說(shui)明(ming)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)正(zheng)常(chang);反(fan)之(zhi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)不(bu)足(ju)。