自(zi)法(fa)國(guo)普(pu)蘭(lan)特(te)於(yu)1859年(nian)發(fa)明(ming)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)以(yi)來(lai),至(zhi)今(jin)已(yi)有(you)100多(duo)年(nian)的(di)曆(li)史(shi).與(yu)其(qi)他(ta)化(hua)學(xue)電(dian)源(yuan)一(yi)樣(yang),鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)能(neng)與(yu)化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)互(hu)相(xiang)轉(zhuan)換(huan)的(di)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。由(you)於(yu)它(ta)具(ju)有(you)電(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)高(gao)、充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)可(ke)逆(ni)性(xing)好(hao)、使(shi)用(yong)溫(wen)度(duo)範(fan)圍(wei)廣(guang)、電(dian)化(hua)學(xue)原(yuan)理(li)清(qing)楚(chu)、生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)藝(yi)易(yi)於(yu)掌(zhang)握(wo)和(hu)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)豐(feng)富(fu)而(er)價(jia)廉(lian)等(deng)特(te)點(dian),獲(huo)得(dei)了(liao)廣(guang)泛(fan)的(di)應(ying)用(yong)。隨(sui)著(zhuo)科(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(zhu)的(di)蓬(peng)勃(bo)發(fa)展(zhan),自(zi)20世(shi)紀(ji)50年(nian)代(dai)起(qi),人(ren)們(men)不(bu)斷(duan)對(dui)傳(zhuan)統(tong)的(di)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行(hang)技(ji)術(zhu)改(gai)造(zao)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)閥(fa)控(kong)式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(免(wen)維(wei)護(hu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi))的(di)問(wen)世(shi),克(kei)服(fu)了(liao)酸(suan)液(ye)和(hu)酸(suan)霧(wu)易(yi)於(yu)外(wai)滋(zi)這(zhe)個(ge)令(ling)人(ren)頭(tou)痛(tong)的(di)弊(bi)病(bing),它(ta)能(neng)與(yu)電(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)放(fang)在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)使(shi)用(yong),符(fu)合(ge)用(yong)戶(hu)要(yao)求(qiu)產(chan)品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)方(fang)便(pian)的(di)曆(li)史(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)潮(chao)流(liu),其(qi)應(ying)用(yong)領(ling)域(yu)更(geng)加(jia)廣(guang)闊(kuo)了(liao)。
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)UPS係(ji)統(tong)的(di)一(yi)個(ge)重(chong)要(yao)組(zu)成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen),它(ta)的(di)優(you)劣(lie)直(zhi)接(jie)關(guan)係(ji)到(dao)整(zheng)個(ge)UPS係(ji)統(tong)的(di)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing),然(ran)而(er)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)卻(que)又(you)是(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)UPS係(ji)統(tong)中(zhong)平(ping)均(jun)無(wu)故(gu)障(zhang)時(shi)間(jian)短(duan)的(di)一(yi)種(zhong)器(qi)件(jian),如(ru)果(guo)用(yong)戶(hu)能(neng)夠(gou)正(zheng)確(que)使(shi)用(yong)和(hu)維(wei)護(hu),就(jiu)能(neng)夠(gou)延(yan)長(zhang)其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming),反(fan)之(zhi)其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)會(kuai)大(dai)大(dai)縮(suo)短(duan)。
目(mu)前(qian)在(zai)UPS中(zhong)廣(guang)泛(fan)使(shi)用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)作(zuo)為(wei)儲(chu)存(cun)電(dian)能(neng)的(di)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。UPS中(zhong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)基(ji)本(ben)能(neng)量(liang)流(liu)程(cheng)是(shi):電(dian)能(neng)→化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)→電(dian)能(neng)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)先(xian)用(yong)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)源(yuan)對(dui)其(qi)充(chong)電(dian),將(qiang)電(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)並(bing)儲(chu)存(cun)起(qi)來(lai),當(dang)市(shi)電(dian)供(gong)應(ying)中(zhong)斷(duan)時(shi),UPS依(yi)靠(kao)儲(chu)存(cun)在(zai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)中(zhong)的(di)能(neng)量(liang)維(wei)持(chi)其(qi)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)的(di)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)。在(zai)這(zhe)個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)起(qi)了(liao)承(cheng)上(shang)啟(qi)下(xia)的(di)作(zuo)用(yong)。可(ke)以(yi)這(zhe)樣(yang)說(shui),不(bu)管(guan)UPS有(you)多(duo)麽(ma)複(fu)雜(za),其(qi)性(xing)能(neng)取(qu)決(jue)於(yu)它(ta)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),隻(zhi)要(yao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)失(shi)效(xiao),再(zai)好(hao)的(di)UPS也(ye)無(wu)法(fa)提(ti)供(gong)後(hou)備(bei)功(gong)能(neng)。UPS一(yi)般(pan)要(yao)輸(shu)出(chu)220V交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian),帶(dai)動(dong)較(jiao)大(dai)功(gong)率(shuai)的(di)用(yong)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)。在(zai)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)串(chuan)聯(lian)數(shuo)目(mu)有(you)限(xian)的(di)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),要(yao)求(qiu)有(you)較(jiao)大(dai)的(di)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)流(liu)能(neng)力(li)。目(mu)前(qian)市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)種(zhong)類(lei)很(hen)多(duo),但(dan)適(kuo)用(yong)於(yu)UPS的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)以(yi)下(xia)三(san)種(zhong):
①HS型(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(價(jia)格(ge)便(pian)宜(yi))和(hu)AHH型(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(適(kuo)用(yong)於(yu)低(di)溫(wen)工(gong)作(zuo));
②CS型(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(適(kuo)用(yong)於(yu)長(zhang)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)的(di)場(chang)合(ge));
③密(mi)封(feng)式(shi)M型(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)。
密(mi)封(feng)式(shi)M型(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)采(cai)用(yong)了(liao)陰(yin)極(ji)密(mi)封(feng)技(ji)術(zhu),克(kei)服(fu)了(liao)普(pu)通(tong)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)需(xu)定(ding)期(qi)補(bu)水(shui)的(di)缺(que)點(dian),達(da)到(dao)了(liao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)免(wen)維(wei)護(hu)的(di)目(mu)的(di),所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)UPS中(zhong)得(dei)以(yi)廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)。