一(yi)隻(zhi)6伏(fu)或(huo)12伏(fu)起(qi)動(dong)用(yong)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),是(shi)由(you)三(san)個(ge)或(huo)六(liu)個(ge)單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)串(chuan)聯(lian)而(er)成(cheng)的(di)。如(ru)果(guo)某(mou)一(yi)單(shan)格(ge).電(dian)池(chi)“落(la)後(hou)”了(liao),在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),“落(la)後(hou)”單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)會(kuai)過(guo)早(zao)地(de)降(xiang)到(dao)終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)壓(ya),甚(shen)至(zhi)為(wei)零(ling)。這(zhe)時(shi),如(ru)果(guo)繼(ji)續(xu)使(shi)用(yong),“落(la)後(hou)”電(dian)池(chi),不(bu)但(dan)不(bu)放(fang)電(dian),反(fan)而(er)因(yin)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)而(er)被(bei)反(fan)充(chong)電(dian)。於(yu)是(shi)正(zheng)、負(fu)極(ji)板(pan)反(fan)極(ji)(原(yuan)正(zheng)極(ji)板(pan)變(bian)成(cheng)負(fu)極(ji)板(pan),原(yuan)負(fu)極(ji)板(pan)變(bian)成(cheng)正(zheng)極(ji)板(pan))成(cheng)為(wei)反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi)。這(zhe)種(zhong)正(zheng)負(fu)極(ji)板(pan)反(fan)極(ji)現(xian)象(xiang),稱(chen)為(wei)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)極(ji)極(ji)性(xing)顛(dian)倒(dao)。
一(yi)、機(ji)性(xing)斯(si)倒(dao)現(xian)象(xiang)
1.反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)基(ji)本(ben)特(te)征(zheng)是(shi)總(zong)電(dian)壓(ya)低(di)。
2.反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)降(xiang)低(di)。因(yin)其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)個(ge)單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)幾(ji)乎(hu)喪(sang)失(shi)容(rong)量(liang),故(gu)反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)降(xiang)低(di)。電(dian)池(chi)反(fan)極(ji)後(hou),一(yi)般(pan)是(shi)不(bu)能(neng)繼(ji)續(xu)使(shi)用(yong)的(di)。
二(er)、機(ji)性(xing)斯(si)倒(dao)檢(jian)查(cha)
1.將(qiang)反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi)外(wai)電(dian)路(lu)斷(duan)開(kai),用(yong)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)表(biao)或(huo)萬(mo)用(yong)表(biao)的(di)適(kuo)當(dang)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)檔(dang),將(qiang)紅(hong)黑(hei)表(biao)筆(bi)分(fen)別(bie)接(jie)觸(chu)單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)正(zheng)負(fu)電(dian)極(ji)樁(zhuang)頭(tou)。如(ru)表(biao)針(zhen)正(zheng)轉(zhuan)至(zhi)2伏(fu)左(zuo)右(you),則(ze)電(dian)池(chi)正(zheng)常(chang),如(ru)某(mou)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)表(biao)針(zhen)反(fan)轉(zhuan),則(ze)該(gai)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)反(fan)極(ji)。這(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)用(yong)於(yu)檢(jian)查(cha)反(fan)極(ji)嚴(yan)重(chong)的(di)電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)比(bi)較(jiao)可(ke)靠(kao)的(di);對(dui)於(yu)反(fan)極(ji)不(bu)重(chong),或(huo)將(qiang)要(yao)反(fan)極(ji)的(di)電(dian)池(chi),測(ce)其(qi)極(ji)性(xing),有(you)時(shi)是(shi)正(zheng)常(chang)的(di),隻(zhi)是(shi)電(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)低(di)落(la)。
2.將(qiang)電(dian)池(chi)接(jie)上(shang)負(fu)載(zai),用(yong)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)表(biao)或(huo)用(yong)萬(mo)用(yong)表(biao)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)檔(dang),對(dui)全(quan)組(zu)電(dian)池(chi),逐(zhu)個(ge)進(jin)行(hang)電(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)量(liang)。對(dui)反(fan)極(ji)嚴(yan)重(chong)的(di),原(yuan)因(yin)在(zai)於(yu):對(dui)反(fan)極(ji)嚴(yan)重(chong)的(di)電(dian)池(chi),不(bu)論(lun)接(jie)通(tong)或(huo)者(zhe)斷(duan)開(kai)負(fu)載(zai),測(ce)其(qi)極(ji)性(xing)都(du)是(shi)反(fan)的(di)。用(yong)以(yi)上(shang)兩(liang)種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)均(jun)可(ke)測(ce)出(chu)。對(dui)反(fan)極(ji)不(bu)嚴(yan)重(chong)或(huo)將(qiang)要(yao)反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi),斷(duan)路(lu)時(shi)測(ce)量(liang),有(you)時(shi)是(shi)正(zheng)常(chang)的(di),接(jie)通(tong)負(fu)載(zai)就(jiu)不(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)了(liao)。這(zhe)時(shi)它(ta)如(ru)同(tong)一(yi)電(dian)阻(zu)串(chuan)聯(lian)在(zai)電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong),故(gu)表(biao)上(shang)讀(dou)數(shuo)也(ye)是(shi)反(fan)極(ji)的(di)。
三(san)、極(ji)性(xing)顛(dian)倒(dao)原(yuan)因(yin)
1.某(mou)單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi),因(yin)短(duan)路(lu)、硫(liu)化(hua)、過(guo)量(liang)放(fang)電(dian)、容(rong)量(liang)降(xiang)低(di)出(chu)現(xian)“落(la)後(hou)”單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi)而(er)未(wei)及(ji)時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)和(hu)處(chu)理(li)。
2.由(you)於(yu)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)性(xing)和(hu)電(dian)源(yuan)極(ji)性(xing)接(jie)反(fan),這(zhe)時(shi)造(zao)成(cheng)整(zheng)個(ge)電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)性(xing)顛(dian)倒(dao)。
四(si)、極(ji)性(xing)斯(si)倒(dao)處(chu)理(li)
1.加(jia)強(jiang)維(wei)護(hu),經(jing)常(chang)檢(jian)查(cha),及(ji)時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)“落(la)後(hou)”單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)池(chi),盡(jin)快(kuai)排(pai)除(chu)故(gu)障(zhang)。
2.對(dui)反(fan)極(ji)電(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行(hang)過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)或(huo)反(fan)複(fu)充(chong)、放(fang)電(dian)處(chu)理(li),直(zhi)到(dao)容(rong)量(liang)接(jie)近(jin)正(zheng)常(chang)後(hou),方(fang)可(ke)投(tou)入(ru)全(quan)組(zu)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)。
3.對(dui)極(ji)性(xing)顛(dian)倒(dao)嚴(yan)重(chong),無(wu)法(fa)挽(wan)救(jiu)者(zhe),可(ke)換(huan)新(xin)極(ji)群(qun)。