一(yi)、鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)效(xiao)率(shuai)
充(chong)電(dian)時(shi),鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)電(dian)能(neng)量(liang),放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)並(bing)沒(mo)有(you)全(quan)部(bu)放(fang)出(chu)來(lai)。因(yin)為(wei)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)也(ye)有(you)些(xie)損(sun)失(shi),輸(shu)出(chu)的(di)能(neng)盈(ying)總(zong)是(shi)比(bi)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)能(neng)旦(dan)少(shao)一(yi)些(xie)。
蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)損(sun)耗(hao),一(yi)般(pan)有(you)下(xia)列(lie)幾(ji)方(fang)麵(mian):
1.在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),特(te)別(bie)在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)末(mo)期(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)解(xie)水(shui)作(zuo)用(yong),使(shi)水(shui)分(fen)解(xie)為(wei)氫(qing)和(hu)氧(yang),同(tong)時(shi)氫(qing)、氧(yang)氣(qi)泡(pao)擴(kuo)散(san)較(jiao)慢(man),使(shi)極(ji)板(pan)極(ji)化(hua),消(xiao)耗(hao)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)能(neng)量(liang)。
2.由(you)於(yu)電(dian)池(chi)存(cun)在(zai)內(nei)阻(zu),在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)放(fang)電(dian)整(zheng)個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)能(neng)消(xiao)耗(hao)在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)內(nei)阻(zu)上(shang),產(chan)生(sheng)熱(re)消(xiao)耗(hao)。
3.在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部(bu),無(wu)論(lun)工(gong)作(zuo)或(huo)不(bu)工(gong)作(zuo),都(du)因(yin)存(cun)在(zai)自(zi)放(fang)電(dian)現(xian)象(xiang)消(xiao)耗(hao)電(dian)能(neng),在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)外(wai)部(bu)都(du)因(yin)不(bu)清(qing)潔(jie)而(er)有(you)漏(lou)電(dian)現(xian)象(xiang),損(sun)耗(hao)部(bu)分(fen)能(neng)裏(li)。
為(wei)了(liao)表(biao)示(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)損(sun)失(shi)情(qing)況(kuang),看(kan)它(ta)重(chong)新(xin)放(fang)出(chu)能(neng)景(jing)占(zhan)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)總(zong)能(neng)量(liang)的(di)幾(ji)分(fen)之(zhi)幾(ji),用(yong)效(xiao)率(shuai)表(biao)示(shi)。鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)輸(shu)出(chu)的(di)全(quan)部(bu)電(dian)量(liang)和(hu)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)輸(shu)入(ru)的(di)全(quan)部(bu)電(dian)量(liang)的(di)百(bai)分(fen)比(bi),叫(jiao)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)容(rong)量(liang)效(xiao)率(shuai)或(huo)安(an)時(shi)效(xiao)率(shuai)。

二(er)、格(ge)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)壽(shou)命(ming)
鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)經(jing)過(guo)長(zhang)期(qi)使(shi)用(yong),由(you)於(yu)極(ji)板(pan)腐(fu)蝕(shi),活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)脫(tuo)落(la),硫(liu)化(hua)嚴(yan)重(chong),隔(ge)板(pan)損(sun)壞(huai),致(zhi)使(shi)容(rong)量(liang)下(xia)降(xiang),起(qi)動(dong)困(kun)難(nan),壽(shou)命(ming)告(gao)終(zhong)。這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)正(zheng)常(chang)現(xian)象(xiang)。具(ju)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)壽(shou)命(ming),是(shi)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)一(yi)個(ge)重(chong)要(yao)技(ji)術(zhu)特(te)性(xing)。
從(zong)目(mu)前(qian)國(guo)產(chan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)修(xiu)理(li)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)證(zheng)明(ming):正(zheng)極(ji)板(pan)提(ti)前(qian)損(sun)壞(huai)是(shi)縮(suo)短(duan)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)的(di)重(chong)要(yao)因(yin)素(su)。
延(yan)長(zhang)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming),一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)要(yao)求(qiu)生(sheng)產(chan)單(shan)位(wei)認(ren)真(zhen)提(ti)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang),另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)要(yao)求(qiu)使(shi)用(yong)單(shan)位(wei)合(ge)理(li)使(shi)用(yong),認(ren)真(zhen)維(wei)護(hu)。
目(mu)前(qian)國(guo)產(chan)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)機(ji)車(ju)上(shang)作(zuo)啟(qi)動(dong)用(yong),其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)在(zai)2-6年(nian)之(zhi)間(jian)。