初(chu)次(ci)充(chong)電(dian)的(di)好(hao)壞(huai)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)新(xin)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)容(rong)量(liang)和(hu)壽(shou)命(ming),故(gu)須(xu)認(ren)真(zhen)進(jin)行(hang),方(fang)法(fa)如(ru)下(xia):
(1) 充(chong)電(dian)前(qian)的(di)檢(jian)查(cha)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)前(qian),檢(jian)查(cha)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)及(ji)附(fu)屬(zhu)零(ling)件(jian),看(kan)容(rong)器(qi)有(you)無(wu)破(po)裂(lie),附(fu)件(jian)有(you)無(wu)短(duan)缺(que),並(bing)進(jin)行(hang)清(qing)潔(jie)處(chu)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)。
(2) 灌(guan)注(zhu)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)按(an)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)出(chu)廠(han)說(shui)明(ming)書(shu)的(di)規(gui)定(ding),配(pei)好(hao)適(kuo)當(dang)密(mi)度(duo)的(di)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye),然(ran)後(hou)注(zhu)入(ru)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)中(zhong),用(yong)0-3伏(fu)的(di)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)表(biao)檢(jian)查(cha)每(mei)隻(zhi)單(shan)格(ge)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)有(you)無(wu)反(fan)極(ji)現(xian)象(xiang)。

(3) 進(jin)行(hang)充(chong)電(dian)正(zheng)確(que)連(lian)接(jie)充(chong)電(dian)機(ji)與(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)正(zheng)端(duan)接(jie)電(dian)源(yuan)的(di)正(zheng)端(duan),蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(di)負(fu)端(duan)接(jie)電(dian)源(yuan)的(di)負(fu)端(duan),並(bing)按(an)規(gui)定(ding)的(di)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)進(jin)行(hang)充(chong)電(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)通(tong)常(chang)分(fen)兩(liang)個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)。第(di)一(yi)階(jie)段(duan)的(di)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)約(yao)為(wei)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)C20的(di)1/14-1/16,充(chong)至(zhi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)中(zhong)放(fang)出(chu)氣(qi)泡(pao),單(shan)格(ge)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)達(da)到(dao)2. 4伏(fu)。然(ran)後(hou)將(qiang)電(dian)流(liu)降(xiang)低(di)一(yi)半(ban),轉(zhuan)入(ru)第(di)二(er)階(jie)段(duan)充(chong)電(dian),一(yi)直(zhi)充(chong)至(zhi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)劇(ju)烈(lie)冒(mao)出(chu)氣(qi)泡(pao),密(mi)度(duo)和(hu)電(dian)壓(ya)連(lian)續(xu)2-3小(xiao)時(shi)穩(wen)定(ding)不(bu)變(bian)。全(quan)部(bu)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)約(yao)為(wei)60-70小(xiao)時(shi)。充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)應(ying)經(jing)常(chang)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)溫(wen)度(duo),當(dang)溫(wen)度(duo)超(chao)過(guo)35℃時(shi),應(ying)將(qiang)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)減(jian)半(ban),但(dan)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)要(yao)延(yan)長(zhang)。如(ru)溫(wen)度(duo)繼(ji)續(xu)上(shang)升(sheng)至(zhi)40℃時(shi),應(ying)立(li)即(ji)停(ting)止(zhi)充(chong)電(dian),待(dai)溫(wen)度(duo)降(xiang)到(dao)35℃以(yi)下(xia)時(shi)再(zai)進(jin)行(hang)充(chong)電(dian)。在(zai)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),除(chu)特(te)殊(shu)情(qing)況(kuang)(充(chong)電(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)發(fa)生(sheng)故(gu)障(zhang)等(deng)),在(zai)20小(xiao)時(shi)內(nei)不(bu)許(xu)中(zhong)斷(duan)。
(4) 調(diao)整(zheng)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)密(mi)度(duo)和(hu)液(ye)麵(mian)高(gao)度(duo)在(zai)進(jin)行(hang)初(chu)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi),由(you)於(yu)水(shui)的(di)電(dian)解(xie),使(shi)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)的(di)液(ye)麵(mian)降(xiang)低(di),密(mi)度(duo)也(ye)會(kuai)發(fa)生(sheng)變(bian)化(hua),充(chong)好(hao)電(dian)的(di)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi),須(xu)立(li)即(ji)調(diao)整(zheng)一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)的(di)密(mi)度(duo)及(ji)液(ye)麵(mian)高(gao)度(duo)。當(dang)密(mi)度(duo)高(gao)於(yu)規(gui)定(ding)值(zhi)時(shi),應(ying)適(kuo)當(dang)取(qu)出(chu)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye),加(jia)入(ru)適(kuo)量(liang)的(di)蒸(zheng)餾(liu)水(shui);反(fan)之(zhi),取(qu)出(chu)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye),添(tian)加(jia)密(mi)度(duo)為(wei)1.40的(di)電(dian)解(xie)液(ye)(嚴(yan)禁(jin)用(yong)濃(nong)硫(liu)酸(suan)直(zhi)接(jie)加(jia)入(ru)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)調(diao)整(zheng)密(mi)度(duo)),並(bing)使(shi)液(ye)麵(mian)達(da)到(dao)規(gui)定(ding)值(zhi),再(zai)充(chong)電(dian)30分(fen)鍾(zhong)。如(ru)果(guo)仍(reng)不(bu)符(fu)合(ge)要(yao)求(qiu),反(fan)複(fu)調(diao)整(zheng)幾(ji)次(ci),直(zhi)到(dao)調(diao)好(hao)為(wei)止(zhi)。新(xin)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)第(di)一(yi)次(ci)充(chong)電(dian)後(hou),達(da)不(bu)到(dao)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang),應(ying)進(jin)行(hang)充(chong)、放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環(huan)。用(yong)20小(xiao)時(shi)放(fang)電(dian)率(shuai)放(fang)電(dian)(即(ji)用(yong)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)1 / 20的(di)電(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)至(zhi)單(shan)格(ge)電(dian)壓(ya)降(xiang)到(dao)1. 75伏(fu)為(wei)止(zhi)),然(ran)後(hou)再(zai)用(yong)正(zheng)常(chang)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)充(chong)足(ju)。經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)次(ci)充(chong)、放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環(huan),若(ruo)容(rong)量(liang)仍(reng)低(di)於(yu)額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)的(di)90%時(shi),應(ying)再(zai)進(jin)行(hang)一(yi)次(ci)充(chong)、放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環(huan)。一(yi)般(pan)經(jing)過(guo)3次(ci)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)循(xun)環(huan),其(qi)容(rong)量(liang)即(ji)可(ke)達(da)到(dao).